Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
N
0
355
710
1420
km
Legend
Barren rocky and stoney waste
Mining and industrial waste
Snow covered and icecaps
Waterlogged areas
(a)
FIGURE 16.2
(a) Physical land degradation in India. (b) Soil loss by water erosion (>10 Mg
ha
-1
year
-1
). (c) Wind erosion in India (>10 Mg ha
-1
year
-1
). (From Venkateswarlu, B. et al.,
Natural Resource Management for Accelerating Agricultural Productivity
, Studium Press
(India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India, 2012.)
irrigated and rainfed conditions and consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potas-
sium (NPK) in major rainfed crops in India are shown in
Figures 16.4
and 16.5.
16.3.4 B
iotic
S
tReSSeS
Yield losses of several rainfed crops in general and of pulses in particular are high due to
severe incidence of diseases and insect pests. In some cases, an entire crop is lost because
of severe infestation. Though technological and management options are well estab-
lished, they are seldom practiced because of economic and other human dimensions.
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