Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis for Restoration After Tsunamis and Floods: The Case of Dwellings and Industrial Plants - Post-Tsunami Hazard: Reconstruction and Restoration - page 245

Fig. 16.8 Cylindrical metal tanks for storing oil in industrial plants: ( a ) Failure modes of tanks;
( b ) Various dimensions

16.2.3.4 Risks and Decision Making

The failure probability of a tank can be expressed as, (Mebarki et al. 2014 ):

( )

PRS

f =−≤

0 (16.9)

2

V

p =+ H

w

with HHand VV = = (16.10)

hydraulic w w sl w sl

2. g

Where: R=structural capacity of the tank regarding the effect of the tsunami;
S = mechanical effect of the tsunami, i.e. the effect of the hydraulic pressure p hydraulic ;
p hydraulic = hydraulic pressure resulting from the height (H w ) and the velocity (V w ) of
flow.
Risk of failure can be calculated analytically or numerically by Monte Carlo
simulations, (Mebarki et al. 2008 ). For an industrial plant containing various kinds
of metal tanks and erected in a zone prone to tsunamis, the risk concerning the
whole plant can be obtained by the use of fragility curves which express the prob-
ability of exceeding given damage levels vs. tsunami height (H w ) at the tanks' loca-
tion for each type of tank, (Fig. 16.9 ).