Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
4. Multinationals should stimulate human capabilities in the regions
they are active in.
5. The main structures of the global economy should be fair for poor
and developing countries.
6. All should strive for a limited, decentralized but powerful global
open space.
7. All institutions and (most) individuals should pay attention to prob-
lems of the deprived in each country and region.
8. The global community should emphasize care for the sick, the
elderly, children, and people with disabilities.
9. The family is valuable but not private.
10. Everyone must support education to emancipate the deprived and to
make them self-supporting (Nussbaum 2006).
13.3 Applying Capability Approach to Sustainable
Nanotechnology Development
As discussed above, Nussbaum recommends 10 principles for a just global
structure. In this chapter, this approach is applied to sustainable nanotech-
nology development, but not all 10 of Nussbaum's principles are relevant
to this. The international capabilities approach should be adapted to ST&I
policy. This leaves us with the following set of principles:
1.
Public engagement:
A plurality of actors should be held responsible
for decisions on ST&I policy in each country, including not only the
traditional triple helix of natural science, industry, and government,
but also representatives of other stakeholders such as members of
the parliament, NGOs, and social and human scientists. Where for-
eign aid is given to developing countries, government and inter-
national organizations responsible for ST&I should cooperate with
those responsible for development aid policies.
2.
National sovereignty
should be respected within boundary condi-
tions of human capabilities. Thus, foreign actors should cooperate
with the national government on ST&I policies, and not undermine
national policies, as long as such cooperation does not undermine
the human capabilities of the population in the country in question.
3.
Foreign investment:
Rich countries should invest a substantial part of
their BNP in stimulating the development of a knowledge economy
in poor countries.
