Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 10.1 (Continued)
Summary of Ecotoxicity for Metallic and Semiconductor Nanoparticles
Nanomaterial
(Size)
Test Organism
Effect
References
100 nm
Higher plants
l
No effect on growth at
10-10,000 mg kg
-1
[71]
18 nm
Higher plants
m
25%-50% root growth inh. at
2000 mg L
-1
[70]
Ligand-coated
Al
Microtox
k
30 min, EC
50
= 17,500 mg L
-1
[71]
Nickel 5-20 nm
FW algaf
f
96-h EC
50
= 0.35 mg L
-1
[30]
D. pulex
48-h LC
50
= 3.89 mg L
-1
[30]
C. dubia
48-h LC
50
= 0.67 mg L
-1
[30]
Zebrafish
48-h LC
50
> 10 mg L
-1
[30]
Cobalt 10-20 nm
D. pulex
48-h LC
50
> 10 mg L
-1
[30]
C. dubia
48-h LC
50
= 1.67 mg L
-1
[30]
CoCr alloy 30 nm
Human cells
Genotoxic, comet assay
[72]
Zinc 35 nm
Higher plants
m
Germination inh. 40% at
2000 mg L
-1
[70]
Higher plants
m
90% Root growth inh. at
2000 mg L
-1
[70]
Semiconductors (Core Size)
CdSe 4-5 nm
Bacteria
n
Bacteriostatic effects
[73]
CdSe ligand
capped
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Membrane damage at
50 mg L
-1
[61]
CdSe/ZnS
Bacteria
n
Bacteriostatic effects
[59,74]
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata
96-h LC
50
= 37 μg L
-1
[75]
C. dubia
No effect at 110 μg L
-1
[75]
CdSe/ZnS
Xenopus blastomer
o
Viability and motility loss
(~0.23 pmol/cell)
[73]
CdSe/ZnS
MPA/TOPO
D. magna
p
Toxicity changed by coating
and light
[76]
CdSe/ZnS PEG
coated
Mouse
Not toxic at 20 pmol g
-1
,
133-day study
[73,77]
Weathered
CdSe/ZnS
Bacteria
q
Bactericidal (95% inh. at
20 nM)
[59]
CdTe MPA
capped
Bacteria
r
10-h IC
50
~0.3-0.6 μM
[78]
CdTe TGA
capped
Elliptio complanata
Immunocompetence loss at
1.6 mg L
-1
[79]
2-6 nm
E. complanata
1.4-fold gill LPO increase at
8 mg L
-1
[79]
(
continued
)
