Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 7.11 MeOH and FA pharmacokinetics in male C57BL/6J, C3H and
CD-1 mice, and New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits. C57BL/6J and C3H mice
were sampled over a 12-hour time period, CD-1 mice over 24 hours and NZW
rabbits over 48 hours, following a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of 2 g/kg
MeOH. MeOH was administered as a 20% solution in sterile saline, and plasma
samples were analyzed byGC forMeOHor FAconcentrations. A total of three to
sixmice and three rabbits were sampled at each time point. Data pointswith open
symbols represent samples with a MeOH or FA concentration below the level of
detection and were arbitrarily assigned a value of 0.1mM. Source: From
Sweeting et al. (2011).
reported above 70mM, which is below the peak concentration seen in
mice in which no toxicity is observed, highlighting the species differ-
ence in susceptibility to acute toxicity. Non-human primate MeOH and
FA peak plasma concentrations, as described earlier, have been reported
to be higher than those observed in humans, with levels up to 90 and
2mM, respectively (Horton et al., 1992; Sweeting and Wells, 2010)
(Table 7.2).
7.3 SPECIES AND STRAIN DIFFERENCES IN METHANOL
TOXICITY
7.3.1 Acute Metabolic Acidosis, Ocular Toxicity, and Death
In humans, acute rather than chronic or developmental toxicities of
MeOH are predominantly reported in the literature, often due to
