Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Regulatory genes described in this review
Gene
Expression and transgenic phenotype
Function and target genes
References
AmMYB308 &
AmMYB330; A. majus
AmMYB308 is expressed throughout the
plant. AmMYB330 is primarily expressed
in mature flowers. OE lines have 17% less
lignin in vascular tissues.
Both repress the branch of
phenylpropanoid metabolism.
Expression of C4H, 4CL and CAD
genes was reduced by AmMYB308.
Tamagnone et al.
(1998)
AtMYB4; A. thaliana
Expression decreased by light and
wounding. KO mutants show increase of
sinapate esters in leaves and are more
tolerant to UV-B. Increased in response
to cadmium exposure, UV-B and the
bacterial elicitor flg22.
Repressor of the phenylpropanoid
metabolism. Downregulates
specially CH4, but also CHS and
4CL. Enhances CCoAOMT.
Jin et al. (2000)
AtMYB32; A. thaliana
Expressed in anthers and lateral root
primordia. Induced by wounding in
leaves and stems. Abnormal pollen grains
with 50% male sterility in KO mutants.
Influences pollen development by
changing the flux along the
phenylpropanoid pathway and
modifying the pollen wall. Represses
COMT, increases ANS and DFR.
Preston et al. (2004)
EgMYB1; E. gunnii
Highly and preferentially expressed in
xylem. OE leads to fewer lignified fibres,
reduced SW thickening, and reduced
lignin content in Arabidopsis and poplar.
Negative regulator of SW. Decreased
transcript accumulation for genes
involved in the biosynthesis of
lignins, cellulose and xylan.
Legay et al. (2007,
2010)
ZmMYB42; Z. mays
Expressed in the aerial part of maize.
Induced by wounding. OE leads to
reduced lignin content and alters S/G
ratio.
Repressor of lignin biosynthesis,
sinapoyl malate, and flavonols.
Downregulates COMT and 4CL.
Fornal´ et al. (2006)
,
Sonbol et al.
(2009)
ZmMYB31; Z. mays
Expressed in roots and aerial parts. Induced
by wounding. OE leads to reduced lignin
content with unaltered composition.
Repressor of lignin biosynthesis and
sinapoyl malate. Redirects flux
toward anthocyanin biosynthesis.
Binds ZmCOMT and ZmF5H
promoters.
Fornal´ et al. (2010)
(continues)
