Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Hydrogel Composition
Characteristics
Application
Reference
Polyacrylamide gels as a
matrix
Subcutaneous implant
The first application of hydrogels as
controlled delivery of macromolecules
for the administration of insulin to
prolong the life of diabetic rats
[315]
Polyacrylamide and
polyvinylpyrrolidone gels
Crosslinked with 20% w/w
N
,
N
-
methylenebisacrylamide
Used for controlled delivery of IgG, LH,
BSA, prostaglandin F
2
, and sodium
iodide
[316]
Hydroxyethyl methacrylate
(HEMA), methoxyethyl
methacrylate (MEMA),
and methoxyethoxyethyl
methacrylate (MEEMA)
Hydrogels as membranes for the diffusion-
controlled delivery; concluded that diffusivity
depends on both solute size and membrane
hydration
Applied to many water-soluble solutes
with a wide range of molecular weights:
sodium acetate, glucose, maltose,
insulin, cytochrome
c
, and albumin
[317]
Crosslinked PVA;
polyacrylamide-agar
hydrogel
Crosslinking density of hydrogels has been used
as a means of controlling both the degree of
hydration and the permeability of hydrogels to
proteins. Protein size affects the sensitivity of
the diffusion coefficient to changes in crosslink
density. Comparison of conventional crosslinked
method and freezing-thawing method has also
been studied
Used for serum albumin, myoglobulin, and
insulin
[318-320]
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
(PVP) hydrogels
crosslinked with
N
,
Nʹ
-
methylenebisacrylamide
Emulsion polymerization. Undergo biodegradation
if the crosslink density is less than 1%. Controlled
dissolution of hydrogel was achieved
Demonstrated by incorporation of
chymotrypsin
[321]
Hyaluronic acid-tyramine
(HA-Tyr) conjugates
The hydrogels were formed through the oxidative
coupling of tyramines, which was catalyzed by
hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) and HRP
Example of independent tuning of
mechanical strength (crosslinking
density) and gelation rate due to
H
2
O
2
and HPR, respectively. Proteins
incorporated were hyluronidase and
lysozyme
[322]
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