Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Neatline
Title
Additional and important elements include:
Name of author
Date map published
Explanation of purpose
Projection
Data sources
Gridlines
Review Questions
1. What is the difference between geographic and cartographic repre-
sentation?
2. What are the four types of measurements?
3. What do the four types of measurements leave out?
4. What distinguishes vector from raster data in Sinton's framework?
5. Why are TIN and topology not included in Sinton's framework?
6. What is the general relationship between scale and accuracy?
7. What does “cartographic communication” refer to?
8. What kinds of measurements are excluded from the established four
types?
9. What is controlled in a stream gauge (using Sinton's concept)
10. How is accuracy a qualitative indicator?
Answers
1. What are the differences between geographic and cartographic rep-
resentation?
In essence, geographic representation is the selection of observations, mea-
surements, and choices about their coding as attributes and relationships in
a database. Cartographic representation is the selection of graphical ele-
ments and abstraction of geographic information to communicate for a
purpose (or multiple purposes).
2. What are the four types of measurements?
Following the psychologist Stevens, they are nominal, interval, ordinal, and
ratio. Important measurements, including radial measurements, are not
included in this widely used scheme.
3. How do geographic representation choices determine cartographic
representation?
How data is collected and stored as part of the geographic representation
process limits the possibilities for making cartographic representations. For
example, a multilane highway represented as a single line can never be used
to indicate how many lanes of traffic are slowed down by heavy traffic.
4. What distinguishes vector from raster data in Sinton's framework?
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