Information Technology Reference
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Principle 2. Integrity scheme of knowledge structure
Structures of knowledge in constructive teaching are provided for studying in the scheme
of integrity. Knowledge is divided into invariant and variable (example: in language
studies invariants - are parts of speech, in mathematics - they are figures; variables - are
the rules of language, and in math they are mathematical operations and etc.). For
example, if we study the numeral, then the scheme of integrity will be constructed as
follows: the numeral in the middle, to the left of previous knowledge - adjective, noun,
and to the right following pronoun, verb and adverb. In the end, it will be as follows: a
noun, adjective, numeral, pronoun, verb and adverb. At the end, the scheme will be the
following: noun, adjective, numeral, pronoun, verb and adverb. In this scheme of
integrity, the numeral is studied in depth in a combination of relations, connections and
interdependence with a noun, adjective, pronoun and verb in the system of integrity of
the language.
Principle 3. Logical structures of knowledge by Bunyatova - LSK by Bunyatova
Using the tools of integrity logic by J. Piaget in the contents of subject studies have been
identified following logical connections, relationships and dependencies among the
structures of knowledge (Ф.Бунятова.2001)
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Agreed structures
Two structures of knowledge, agreeing with common relationships are connected and form
a new structure of knowledge.
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Reversible structures
United by common relationships, structures of knowledge are reversible and transformed.
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Associated structures
Thinking always retains the ability to rejection and finding other variants of solution. The
result obtained in various ways, in all cases is the same.
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Annulled structures
The structure of knowledge is annulled, disappears, canceled if it is multiplied by zero.
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Identical structures
Two identical structures can be combined into one complex structure.
The logical structure of knowledge (LSk) identified in knowledge, are the load bearing parts
of constructive teaching.
Principle 4. Logical operations of thinking
In the analysis of tasks to the subject in the traditional way of learning it is revealed that
most of the tasks are included in the exercises, that is repeating same actions in order to
assimilate it, which consist of finding, underlining, determination, etc. These tasks are
performed on one or two of the structures of knowledge and are aimed to determine the
level of knowledge and skills.
