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In-Depth Information
= Antigens
B-Cells
OH
OH
O
Th-Cells
OH
O
HO
O
O
Tn,STn
attachment
A
N
A
G
N
P
P
F
C
KLH
N
A
N
Carrierprotein
conjugation
P
P
F
Y
Y
SS
t
Bu
OH
OH
OH
AcHN
OH
HO
AcHN
HO
HO
HO
OH
HO
CO
2
H
HO
O
O
OH
OH
OH
OH
HO
CO
2
H
O
HO
HO
AcN H
HO
O
OH
O
AcNH
O
O
O
O
AcNH
O
O
AcNH
O
HO
OH
O
HO
2
C
N
HO
2
C
HO
OH
OH
NH
H
HO
2
C
HO
NH
O
O
O
O
O
NH
n
=8
HO
2
C
NH
NH
NH
O
O
O
O
t
Bu
N
A
N
D
A
N
P
F
C
P
P
F
C
P
t
B
u
N
A
N
N
A
D
P
P
P
Y
Y
P
Y
Y
t
Bu
A
B
SS
t
Bu
SS
t
Bu
Fig. 3 Multivalent RAFT glycoconjugates.
appeared mandatory to observe a modulation of adhesion to matrix
surfaces of melanoma cells. In fact, mono- and divalent glyco derivatives
were non effective as modulators of melanoma cells adhesion and mi-
gration. Nevertheless, the spatial presentation of the epitopes appeared
dramatically important as well.
3 Glyco-nanotools for cancer therapy
Nanosciences and nanotechnologies are widely seen as having huge
potential to bring advantages and innovations in different areas such
as new drug development, information and communication. Bio-
nanotechnologies, in particular, are concerned with molecular scale
properties and applications of biological nanostructures and work at the
interface between chemical, biological and physical sciences.
Bio-nanotechnologies can be used for the development of new anti-
cancer therapies; construction of carbohydrate clustered systems on
nanoparticles affords nano-glycoconjugates. In particular, these nano-
systems were explored as tumour growth inhibitors, anti-metastatic
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