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for the simulation. In this contribution we present how CEP can be used for gathering and
processing real-time data for simulation.
4
Simulation Approach
In Section 2 it is described that different models (e.g. process models, simulation
models) are used for planning logistics processes. This section specifies how the
transformation of process models into simulation models is implemented
prototypically as part of an integrated planning process for a 4PL.
Process models describe functional or structural aspects relevant for a process. In
the scope of a 4PL's planning process these components represent the different partial
logistics services as part of the overall process. Within this research BPMN is used as
modeling language for creating process models. Therefore, we presume that tasks of
BPMN represent logistics services. In [28] an approach for formal and semantic
description of services in the logistics domain using concepts of service-orientation
and Semantic Web technologies is presented. The approach also categorizes and
describes modular logistics services such as transport, handling, storage, value-added
services, etc. using a logistics ontology. Concepts of this ontology are used in this
research paper to refer from BPMN tasks to the description of specific logistics
services. Thus, each BPMN task is assigned to a specific logistics service type. So,
the result is a BPMN process model including all logistics services necessary to meet
customer's requirements. Fig. 2 illustrates the prototypical implementation of logistics
annotations (e.g. service types) within a BPMN-Modeller.
Fig. 2.
BPMN-Task assigned to logistics service type
Despite having a process model and using this model as the basis for creating a
simulation model, additional information such as the visualization of the processes, is
necessary. Therefore, it was analyzed what information are additionally required to
create a simulation model. The following elements are the basic concepts of
simulation models in general and, therefore, also the basic concepts of DES
environments [14]:
