Applications of FSI for Cardiovascular Haemodynamics - Computational Hemodynamics: Theory, Modelling and Applications - page 277

Fig. 8.40 Critical stress on fibrous cap with respect to width of calcification gap and maximum
deformation on fibrous cap for two-dimensional plaque-rupture analysis. ( a ) of critical stress σ cr
versus width of calcification gap d cg reflects the decrease in plaque vulnerability for increasing
occupancy of the calcification agglomerate ( which is inversely correlated to d cg ). ( b ) Critical stress
σ cr versus maximum deformation D max of fibrous cap for d fc at 0.05 mm demonstrates that σ cr
becomes lower as d cg minimizes the deformation
Fig. 8.41 Critical stress on fibrous cap with respect to width of calcification gap and maximum
deformation on fibrous cap for three-dimensional plaque rupture analysis. ( a ) critical stress σ cr ver-
sus width of calcification gap d cg shows that calcification gap value of > 0.21 mm causes stress lev-
els to exceed 300 kPa and cause plaque rupture. ( b ) Critical stress σ cr versus maximum deformation
D max of fibrous cap for d fc at 0.05 mm demonstrates that D max > 0.168 mm causes plaque rupture
0.1 mm. Figure 8.41a illustrates the relationship between calcification gap d cg and
critical stress σ cr , while Fig. 8.41b correlates the critical stress σ cr with maximum
fibrous cap deformation D max . We note a slight reduction in critical stress below the
350 kPa threshold. The limiting calcification gap occurs at d cg = 0.21 mm before
plaque rupture takes place for critical stress at 300 kPa. A larger calcification gap is
found (compared to the results of the two-dimensional model) occurring due to the
artery-plaque structure that is 2.775 times larger in size.