Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Arsenic compound (lowest
effective dose)
Species (test system)
End Point
Pathway
Ref.
h. normal epidermal keratinocytes
NER
BER
136
Arsenite (0.5
µ
M)
XPC
↓
,
p48
↓
,
p53
↓
FEN1
↓
,
Pol
d
↓
,
Pol
e
↓
,
UDG2
↓
,
p53
↓
h. BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial
cells
NER
BER
137
Arsenite (5
µ
M)
XPC
↓
,
XPD
↓
,
RFC
↓
,
PCNA
↓
, LIG1
↓
APE1
↓
,
LIG1
↓
As in drinking water
h. lymphocytes (
in vivo
)
NER
140
ERCC1
↓
,
XPF
↓
,
XPB
↓
As in drinking water
h. lymphocytes (
in vivo
)
(
in vitro
)
NER
139
ERCC1
repair of 2-AAAF-induced lesions
↓
, ERCC1 protein
↓
↓
h. VH10hTert fi broblasts
Disturbed assembly of NER proteins after
UV-irradiation
XPC
NER
138
Arsenite (5
µ
M)
MMA
III
(0.1
µ
M)
↓
,
p48
↓
, XPC protein
↓
Arsenite (10
µ
M)
Chinese V79 hamster cells
Nuclear DNA ligase activity
↓
BER
127
Arsenite (10
µ
M)
h. HOS osteosarcoma cells
h. AG06 keratinocytes
LIG1
Ligase activity in nuclear extracts of cells
↓
BER
128
(
>
2 mM)
h. HaCaT keratinocytes
BER
89
Arsenite (
≥
5
µ
M)
BER incision activity (cell extracts)
↓
APE1
↓
,
Pol
b
↓
, Pol
b
↓
,
h. Molt-3 T-cell lymphoma cells
BER
(NER)
142
Arsenite (2.5
µ
M)
PARP-activity
↓
Arsenite (0.01
µ
M)
h. HeLa S3 cervic carcinoma cells
H
2
O
2
-stimulated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation
↓
BER
(NER)
123
MMA
III
(0.001
µ
M)
h. HeLa S3 cervic carcinoma cells
H
2
O
2
-stimulated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation
↓
BER
(NER)
124
DMA
III
(0.001
M)
MMA
V
/DMA
V
(no effect up to
250
µ
µ
M)
Arsenite (10
µ
M)
PARP-1
PARP-1 activity
↓
BER
(NER)
124
MMA
III
(10
µ
M)
DMA
III
(10
µ
M)
2-AAAF, 2-acetoxyacetylaminofl uorene; APE1, AP-endonuclease 1, BER endonuclease; B[
a
]P, benzo[
a
]pyrene; BER, base excision repair; BPDE, benzo[
a
]pyrene diolepoxide; ERCC1,
excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair defi ciency complementation group 1; FEN1, FLAP endonuclease 1; h, human; LIG1, DNA-Ligase 1; MMC, mitomycin C; NER, nucle-
otide excision repair; PARP-1, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; p48, subunit of the DDB2 NER damage recognition protein; Pol
d
/
e
, DNA polymer-
ase
d
/
e
; RFC, replication factor C; UDG2, uracil DNA glycosylase 2; XP, Xeroderma Pigmentosum group proteins, NER damage recognition / incision proteins; XPAzf, peptide representing
the zinc fi nger domain of the human XPA protein.
