Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
5a.2
Scaffold Selection for Engineering Cardiac
Patches
The biomaterial scaffold plays a key role in most tissue engineering
strategies. To fabricate transplantable 3D tissue constructs for
cardiac repair, the scaffold should be (i) highly porous with large
interconnected pores to facilitate mass transport, (ii) hydrophilic
to enhance cell attachment, (iii) structurally stable to withstand
physical forces, (iv) degradable to provide ultimate biocompatibility
of the tissue graft, and (v) elastic to enable transmission of contractile
forces [2]. Table 5a.1 summarizes the combinations of suitable
scaffold materials, including synthetic and natural polymers, and
cell sources for improving experimental HF animal models. The
sections that follow describe in detail each material that can be used
for cardiac patch implantation.
Table 5a.1
Several types of scaffold-based cardiac patches that have been
implanted in animal models of HF
Materials
Types
Cell sources
Synthetic
PGA
Mesh
Mouse ESCs [3]
PLGA
Mesh
Human dermal
fibroblasts [4-10]
PGCL
Sponge Rat bone marrow-
derived MNCs [11]
PLCL
Sponge
Rat MSCs [12]
Rat vascular SMCs
[13-15]
