Ecoinformatics Problems in the Future World - New Ecoinformatics Tools in Environmental Science: Applications and Decision-making - page 804

that creating universal technology for global model of nature-society system is
unlikely. Unfortunately, knowledge accumulated by the humanity does not cover all
problems of global sustainable development that was discussed by many experts
(Brucan 1984; Cozzi 2003; Cracknell 2009; Cracknell et al. 2009a, b; Krapivin and
Varotsos 2007, 2008; Homer-Dixon 2008; Binenko et al. 2004; Degermendzhi 2009;
Stoddard et al. 2003). Many of them have demonstrated the absence of constructive
algorithms for existing data processing. This default lies mainly in the “ dimension

perdition , i.e. the weakness to take into consideration of interactions between all

subsystems of the nature-society system.
Nevertheless, Degermendzhi (2009) and Degermendzhi et al. (2009) proposed
new view on this problem and developed new directions in biophysical ecology that
is based on small-scale models. This approach is based on simple scheme of the
most obvious interactions between processes in the nature-society system. These
interactions can have positive, negative or uncertain effects. Analogous simpli

”

ed
approach to the nature-society system modeling was proposed by Cracknell et al.
(2009b) and Krapivin and Kelley (2009). It is clear that the choice of the effective
model for global and regional ecological investigations requires simpli ed repre-

sentations of interactions in the nature-society system. Basic dif culty arises in the

choice of climate model.
Nowadays, the problems of globalization and sustainable development have
been discussed in a vast scientific literature. Even more numerous are the concerns
raised in the mass media. However, discussions of such problems contain many
contradictions and disagreements. First of all, globalization and sustainable
development problems are treated, as a rule, as independent and separate. Never-
theless, the priority of the globalization problem and subordinate importance of
sustainable development problems as one of the most important aspects of the
globalization processes raises few doubts.
A constructive view on the globalization and sustainable development problemwas

first broached by Russian scientist Kirill Ya. (Kondratyev et al. 1992, 1994, 1997). The
development of globalization theory took a number of different directions that were
often contradictory and colored by socio-political biases (Friedman 2005; Mander and
Goldsmith 2006; Wijen et al. 2005). Global socio-political issues have a long history
beginning with the era of colonialism. After 1917 there existed two periods: the pre-
and post-Cold War eras. The post-Cold War era led to the increasing in uence of what

some people these days call quasi-governments (such as the International Monetary
Fund or the World Bank). This delimitation served for a certain time as the cause of
principal difference between the existing concepts of globalization process. At its most
basic, there is nothing mysterious about globalization in spite of these differences. In
fact, there exist two main conceptions of globalization:

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(i) Globalization that brings prosperity to certain countries while impoverishing
other countries.
(ii) Globalization as the objective process behind development of the nature-society
system (NSS), taking into account existing global population dynamics.