Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 21.1
Examples of macroalgal blooms reported in different parts of the world's coastlines
and some of their ecological and economic consequences (adapted from Teichberg et al.
2010
)
Site
Seaweed taxa
Some effects
References
North America
Gulf of California,
Mexico
Ulva, Gracilaria,
Cladophora
Anoxia, loss of species
diversity
Ochoa-Izaguirre et al.
(
2002
), Pi˜on-
Gimate et al. (
2008
)
Nahant Bay, USA
Pilayella
Noxious odor,
accumulated on
beaches, nuisance to
swimming and
fishing
Wilce et al. (
1982
),
Pregnall and Miller
(
1988
)
Waquoit Bay, USA
Cladophora,
Gracilaria, Ulva
Replaced seagrasses,
anoxia, shell- and
fin-fish kills
Valiela et al. (
1997
),
Hauxwell et al.
(
2001
), Fox et al.
(
2008
)
Ulva, Gracilaria,
Codium
Hog Island Bay,
USA
Loss of species diversity Thomsen et al. (
2006
)
San Francisco Bay,
USA
Ulva
Anoxia, replaced
benthic fauna
Fong et al. (
1996
)
Kaneohe Bay,
Hawaii
Dictyosphaeria
Replaced corals
Smith (
1981
)
Southeast Florida,
USA
Codium
Impact coral reefs
Lapointe et al. (
2005a
,
b
)
Bermuda
Cladophora,
Laurencia,
Codium
Anoxia, reduced benthic
diversity and
commercial fisheries
Lapointe and O'Connell
(
1989
)
Southern California
lagoons, USA
Ulva
Shifts in primary
producers, anoxic
conditions,
cascading effects up
food web
Kamer et al. (
2001
),
Fong and Kennison
(
2010
)
Europe
Laholm Bay,
Sweden NW
Baltic Sea
Ulva, Cladophora
Replaced seagrasses,
nuisance to
swimming fishing
and boating
Baden et al. (
1990
),
Rosenberg et al.
(
1990
)
Maasholm Bay,
Germany
Ulva, Pilayella
Replaced native
macroalgae, lowered
benthic diversity and
fishery yield,
nuisance to
swimming, fishing,
and boating
Lotze et al. (2000)
,
Worm et al. (
1999
)
Ulva
Mondego Estuary,
Portugal
Replaced seagrasses,
reduced benthic
diversity
Martins et al. (
2001
),
Cardoso et al. (
2004
)
Venice Lagoon, Italy
Ulva, Gracilaria,
Dictyota,
Anoxia, fish kills,
nutrient re-release,
phytoplankton
blooms
Sfriso et al. (
1992
),
Sfriso and
Marcomini (
1997
)
(continued)
