NANOINDENTATION OF BONE - Nanoindentation with Biological Applications - page 193

Table 7-1. Continued

Sample
Condition

Inter.
E (STD)

Osteon E
(STD)

Trab. E
(STD)

Rate
(N/s)

Reference Sample Tip Test Type

mouse
femur

31.4 (2.7) ramp-and-hold

(100 s)

Silva et al., 2004 62 PMMA 300 Berk.

Human
femur

23.45
(0.21)

12.5 to
750

ramp-and-hold
(10 s)

Turner et al., 1999 63 PMMA 18.14 (1.7) Berk.

human
femur

18.8 (0.37)
(E`)

Berk, &
R =5 m

partial unload
(120 s)

Ferguson et al., 2003 50 PMMA N/A

PMMA.in
Ringer
soln. 37°C

Hengsberger et al .,
2002 64

human
femur

~9.5 to
20.5

30 to
300

ramp-and-hold
(10 s)

~8 to 20.5 Berk.

human
femur

epoxy in
saline

19.1 (5.4) ramp-and-hold

(60 s)

Zysset et al., 1999 45 21.2 (5.3) 11.4 (5.6) 0.01 Berk.

bovine
femur

submerged
in saline

constant strain rate.
CSM

Hoc et al ., 2006 65 19.3 0.05 1/s Berk.

5.46
(0.17)
(E`)

equine third
metacarpal

submerged
in ethanol

333 to
2000

ramp-and-hold
(120 s)

Bembey et al. , 2006 48 R=21 m