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34. Bower, B. K.; Tennent, H. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972 , 94 , 2512; Byrne, E. K.; Theopold, K. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1989 , 111 , 3887.
35. The term “catalytic amount” is widely used and understood, even though the definition of a catalyst does not refer to
any amount of material.
36. Hoffmann, R. American Scientist 1998 , 86 , 326.
37. Berzelius provided a more elegant definition: “to awaken affinities, which are asleep at a particular temperature, by
their mere presence and not by their own affinities”. For a historical discussion, see Roberts, M. W. Catalysis Lett.
2000 , 67 ,1.
38. Rothenberg, G. in “ Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology ” John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 2010 ,1.
39. For a discussion of turnover number and palladium catalysis, see Farina, V. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004 , 346 , 1553.
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