Second Generation Applications of Other Types of Current Conveyors in Realizing Synthetic Impedances - Current Conveyors: Variants, Applications and Hardware Implementations - page 457

Chapter 14
Second Generation Applications of Other
Types of Current Conveyors in Realizing
Synthetic Impedances

Abstract Chosen from a vast amount of literature in the area of impedance
simulation using CCs, a number of novel synthetic impedance circuits have been
described using the new variants of CCs (such as DOCCII, DVCC, CCIII, DXCCII,
MICCII, DDCC and FDCCII etc.) for realizing both grounded and floating forms of
inductors and other related elements, which possess a number of interesting
features.

14.1 Introduction

In Chap. 5 of this monograph, we have outlined key contributions made in the area
of immittance simulation using the normal type of 3-port current conveyors. It was
highlighted therein that one of the most prominent feature of employing current
conveyors for this purpose is the remarkable property that a floating impedance
(FI) can be realized using CCs without requiring any component matching condi-
tions - a feat which is impossible to be achieved by the circuits based upon op-amps.
Another notable feature of the CC-based circuits is that it is invariably feasible to
realize a variety of simulated impedances using CCs with a bare minimum number
of external passive components needed for the intended type of immittance func-
tion, for instance see [ 1 - 5 ]. It may also be mentioned that a majority of the circuits
described in Chap. 5 can be practically implemented with commercially available
ICs such as AD844 (with CCII + realized with one AD844 and CCII- realized by
two such devices) or op-amps uA741/LF356 in conjunction with transistor arrays
CA3096 or OPA660/860.
In this chapter, we re-consider the problem of realizing synthetic grounded and
floating immittances (FI) but our main focus here is on the circuits which have been
proposed in the literature (during the past two decades or so) using the extended
versions and/or new varieties of CCs introduced by numerous researchers see [ 1 -
53 ]. Although these new varieties of CCs are not yet available as of-the-shelf ICs
numerous bipolar and/or CMOS implementations of all the variants of CCs have
been suggested by the various researchers from time to time. The circuits presented
here are superior to those presented in Chap. 5 in that they offer one or more of the