Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
3. Domestic tourism:
Visits by residents of a country to their own country
4. National tourism:
Internal tourism plus outbound tourism (the resident tourism market for
travel agents, airlines, and other suppliers)
Traveler Terminology for International Tourism
Underlying the foregoing conceptualization of tourism is the overall concept of
traveler
,de
ned as
''
any person on a trip between two or more countries or between two or more localities within his/her
country of usual residence.
, a term
that constitutes the basic concept of the entire system of tourism statistics. International visitors are
persons who travel for a period not exceeding 12 months to a country other than the one in which they
generally reside and whose main purpose is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from
within the place visited. Internal visitors are persons who travel to a destination within their own
country, which is outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months.
All visitors are subdivided into two further categories:
''
All types of travelers engaged in tourism are described as
visitors
1. Same-day visitors:
Visitors who do not spend the night in a collective or private accommodation
in the country visited
for example, a cruise ship passenger spending four hours in a port or day-
trippers visiting an attraction
2. Tourists:
—
Visitors who stay in the country visited for at least one night
—
for example, a visitor on a
two-week vacation
There are many purposes for a visit
—
notably pleasure, business, and other purposes, such as family
reasons, health, and transit.
United States
The Western Council for Travel Research in 1963 employed the term visitor and de
ned a
as
occurring every time a visitor entered an area under study. The de
nition of tourist used by the
National Tourism Resources Review Commission in 1973 was:
visit
A tourist is one who travels away from
home for a distance of at least 50 miles (one way) for business, pleasure, personal affairs, or any other
purpose except to commute to work, whether he stays overnight or returns the same day.
''
''
as one
person traveling 50 miles (one way) or more away from home or staying overnight, regardless of
distance. Trips are included regardless of purpose, excluding only crews, students, military personnel
on active duty, and commuters.
The United States Travel Association (USTA) research department de
nes a
person-trip
Canada
In a series of quarterly household sample surveys known as the Canadian Travel Survey that began in
1978, trips qualifying for inclusion are similar to those in the United States. The 50-mile
gure was a
compromise to satisfy concerns regarding the accuracy of recall for shorter trips and the possibility of
the inclusion of trips completed entirely within the boundaries of a large metropolitan area such as
Toronto.
The determination of which length of trip to include in surveys of domestic travel has varied
according to the purpose of the survey methodology employed. Whereas there is general agreement
that commuting journeys and one-way trips should be excluded, qualifying distances vary. The
province of Ontario favors 25 miles.
In Canada
s international travel surveys, the primary groups of travelers identi
ed are nonresident
travelers, resident travelers, and other travelers. Both nonresident and resident travelers include both
'
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