Pandia: Gold Nanorods and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy and In Vivo Imaging in Companion Animals and Their Potential Application to Humans - Nanotechnology for Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostics - page 351

with 7-day Wash-Outs) with Pandia TM (gold nanorods) Study in Non-Naïve
Beagle dogs.” The objective of this study was to determine the maximum toler-
ated dose (MTd) for Pandia® in one male and one female nonnaïve beagle dog
via dose escalation, beginning at a starting dose of 2 mg/kg and ending at a
maximum dose level of 32 mg/kg. No overt toxicity was observed in any of the
dose levels. Based on the live-phase results of this study, it can be concluded that
a single infused (16 ml/h rate) IV dose of Pandia® (maximum concentration of
32 mg/kg, 16 mg/ml, 2 ml/kg) was well tolerated by nonnaïve beagle dogs over
the duration of this study (74 study days).

12.3.4 efficacy in client-owned canines

The results presented here are from an ongoing clinical study at Ohio State University
using client-owned cancer dogs. The complete research effort is seven canines with
similar osteosarcomas (the list of patients is given in Table 12.2). In all cases, using
different AuNR concentrations and different heating temperature profiles, complete
destruction of the cancer was achieved (an example is given in Fig. 12.8). Using
AuNR injections from 2 to 32 mg/kg, NR optical densities in the bloodstream taken
immediately after injection ranged from 1.0 to 2.0. After 3 days, in all cases, the
optical density is reduced to less than 0.1. Treatments utilized a 30 W 808 nm diode
laser at laser powers from 10 to 30 W creating temperature increases in the laser
tumor from 15 to 100°C (Fig. 12.9).
The primary purpose of this pilot study was to assess the clinical effects of AuNRs
administered to dogs with solid tumors and the antitumor activity following NIR
diode laser treatment.
This was a 6-month research effort with the following timeline: day 1, baseline
tumor measurement, CBC, chemistry panel, baseline tumor biopsy and serum/plasma
NR levels, NR administration at 10 mg/kg and 250 mg/h (5 mg/ml), and posttreat-
ment serum/plasma NR levels; day 3, 72 h serum/plasma NR levels and NIR diode
laser therapy; day 7, recheck exam; day 14, recheck exam, CBC, chemistry panel,
and tumor biopsy or tumor removal; and days 14-180, ongoing monitoring.

TaBle 12.2 Patients from ohio state university Trial, Breed, age, sex, and Weight

Weight
(kg)

Prior
treatment

Nanorod
dose (mg)

Patient Breed Age (y) Sex disease

1 Greyhound 12 MN 28.2 STS Surgery 282

2 Mixed breed 8 MN 37.8 STS None 350

3 Boston terrier 6 FS 11.7 STS None 120

4 Beagle 9 MN 17 MCT None 170

5 Beagle 13 FS 9.1 STS None 91

6 Labrador red 10 FS 38.3 MCT None 383

7 Golden ret 7 FS 42.1 STS Surgery/RT 410

MCT, mast cell tumors; STS, soft tissue sarcoma.