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MEGACITIES: RURAL TO URBAN MIGRATION

Background
One of the major development of the past several decades is the accelerating
migration from the rural areas to urban cities (and even to urban cities in other
countries), due to realization by rural farmers for the first time in history, resulting
from the new IT technologies, that the cities offer opportunities for a better quality
of life 9 , 25 , 29 , 124 . In 1950 two-thirds of the world's population lived in rural areas,
but by 2030 an estimated two-thirds will be urbanites. From 1975 to 2015, the
number of world megacities (over 10 million people) will have grown from 5 to
an estimated 26, all but 4 in the DCs, which are the least prepared to provide
the essential services of transportation, housing, water supply, sewerage, and
drainage systems. This corresponds to the equivalent of a new Bangkok every 2
months. And everybody agrees that this migration in unstoppable, and there is
no precedent in history for this phenomenon.

Economic Policies for Sustainable Development (ADB)
Primary Study The UN/Brundtland report of 1987 emphasized the need for
studying the mass immigration phenomenon in order to gain information fro
guiding Asian DCs on how to proceed to get better prepared for accepting the
massive immigration. In response to this the ADB, together with financial assis-
tance from the Scandinavian countries, carried out a major in-depth evaluation
in seven selected Asian DCs (Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines,