Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 3 Summary of applications of dielectric spectroscopy to monitor growth and physiology
of animal and plant cell cultures, with details of the device and settings used, the data processing
applied and the cell density range measured
Device
Application
Settings and data pre-
processing
Cell density
Reference
-
Erythrocytes
-
-
[
40
]
Aber
Bugmeter
Catharanthus
roseus,
Nicotiana
tabacum,
Cinchona robust
(plant cells)
Measurements at 0.4 MHz
Up to 44 g/L
[
66
]
Aber viable
cell
monitor
CHO 320 producing
interferon-c
Raw signal smoothening by
moving-point average
Detection limit:
3.5 9 10
5
cells cm
[
67
]
-3
Up to 14 9 10
5
cells/mL
Aber BM
214 A
Mouse/mouse
hybridoma
expressing mAB
EGF
Single frequency, 0.6 MHz,
frequency chosen as
''best compromise''
between sensitivity and
extensive independence
from changes in
conductivity of the
medium in the given
system, high range and
low-pass filter at 1 s
[
68
]
Up to 1.6 9 10
6
cells/mL
Aber BM
214 M
CHO SSF3,
immobilized and
freely suspended
Calibration by differential
method
[
69
]
Up to 7 9 10
6
cells/mL
measurement
range
Aber BM
214 M
CHO SSF3,
immobilized and
freely suspended
0.6 MHz single-frequency
mode with low-pass
filter at 5 s
[
70
]
5 9 10
6
cells/mL
Aber BM
214 M
CHO SSF3
Operated at ''high range''
with a maximal
conductivity of 36
mS/cm, low-pass filter
with time constant of
5 s, frequency scanning;
Moving-point average
over 5 points
[
71
]
built into the most recent developed devices. Once the technique had reached a
sufficient level of reliability, the vast majority of processes involving commer-
cially relevant cell types (animal cells [
71
,
83
], plant cells [
66
] and industrially
exploited microbes) were monitored with the aim of drawing correlations [
61
] and
developing prediction models [
62
]. The method became increasingly popular for
monitoring process singularities or particular events such as storage of intracellular
compounds [
58
], virus production within infected animal cells [
84
] or bacterio-
phage production [
85
]. A number of authors have reviewed the application of
dielectric spectroscopy to cell monitoring [
41
,
86
-
89
].
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