On-Chip Holographic Microscopy and its Application for Automated Semen Analysis - Biomedical Optical Phase Microscopy and Nanoscopy - page 163

its connectivity to PDAs or smartphones may allow the users to perform various
microanalysis tasks in field settings with minimal resources.

8.6 Conclusions

In this chapter, we reviewed the fundamental principles of partially coherent lensless
on-chip holographic microscopy and its application toward automated semen analysis. With
a weight of B 46 g and dimensions of B 4.2 cm 3 4.2 cm 3 5.8 cm, such a wide-field
lensless on-chip microscope fills up an important gap between simple qualitative male
fertility test kits and sophisticated quantitative CASA systems. Being fully automated with
digital image processing algorithms, this platform can perform comprehensive semen
analysis tasks including measuring the absolute concentrations of both motile and immotile
sperm, as well as resolving the trajectories and the speed distributions of motile sperm
within the sample. Since factors in addition to sperm concentration are now required to
accurately predict male fertility [78] , such a compact and versatile semen analysis tool
based on wide-field lensless on-chip microscopy could be especially important for
andrology laboratories, fertility clinics, personal male fertility tests, as well as for field use
in veterinary medicine such as in stud farming and animal breeding applications.

Acknowledgment

A. Ozcan gratefully acknowledges the support of NSF (CAREER Award on BioPhotonics), the Office of Naval
Research under the Young Investigator Award 2009 and the NIH Director's New Innovator Award—Award
Number DP2OD006427 from the Office of The Director, National Institutes of Health. The authors also
acknowledge the support of the Okawa Foundation, Vodafone Americas Foundation, and NSF BISH program
(under Awards #0754880 and 0930501).

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