Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Shutava et al. (2009) reported a therapeutic complex consist of gela-
tin NPs either alone or layer by layer coated with polyelectrolytes (polystyrene
sulfonate/polyallylamine hydrochloride, polyglutamic acid/poly-L-lysine, dextran
sulfate/protamine sulfate, carboxymethyl cellulose/gelatin, type A) loaded with
natural polyphenol having anticancer potential such as epigallocatechin gallate
(EGCG), tannic acid, curcumin, and theaflavin. Drug loaded NPs blocked hepato-
cyte growth factor (HGF)-induced intracellular signaling in the breast cancer cell
line MBA-MD-231. Similarly, a PTX-loaded gelatin NPs were prepared for use in
intravesical therapy of superficial bladder cancer. Drug release studies were con-
ducted in PBS and urine, while therapeutic efficiency were tested on human RT4
bladder transitional cancer cells and on dogs (Lu et al. 2004). Currently, Li et al.
(2014) explored the therapeutic potential of
131
I gelatin microspheres (
131
I-GMS)
for radiotherapy of breast cancer and investigated on MCF-7 in nude mice and
along with their biodistribution. The results suggested the decrease in the tumor
volume and increased intratumoral retention of radioactivity.
MMP-2 and MMP-9 gelatinases were expressed in tumors and are respon-
sible for the formation of tumor vasculature. These gelatinase were targeted
using gelatinase-targeting peptide for radionuclide imaging of tumor xenografts
in mice. Tumor radioimaging were done by using gelatinase inhibitory pep-
tide CTTHWGFTLC (CTT), which is further labeled with
125
I and 99mTc.
Radiolabelled CTT reached tumor xenograft in mice, while in normal mice it has
been cleared by the kidney. Such studies could be helpful in early diagnosis of pri-
mary tumors and metastases (Medina et al. 2005). Further, Xu et al. (2013) devel-
oped a size-controllable supramolecular gelatin NPs with QD as MMP responsive
cancer cell imaging probe.
Gelatin assisted Au nanoflowers (AuNFs) having a negative surface charge
were synthesized and a cationic polymer poly[9,9′-bis(6,6′-(
N
,
N
,
N
-trimethylam-
inium)-fluorene-2,7-ylenevinylene-co-alt-2,5-dicyano-1,4-phenylene] (PFVCN),
self-assembles onto the negative surface of the resultant (AuNF@Gelatin NPs) via
electrostatic attraction. The complex formed exhibit cytocompatibility and shows
a cellular imaging on HeLa cells (Cui et al. 2013). Recently, Chen et al. (2014)
synthesized a biocompatible and proton resistant CdSe QDs assembled on gelatin
nanospheres (GNs) for cell imaging in acidic environment. The fluorescent hybrid
sphere formed by the polyelectrolytes (PE) mediated assembling of four-layer
shell of hydrophilic CdSe QDs on gelatin core.
A tumor targeted protein based carrier system has been developed by attach-
ing biotinylated anti-CD3 antibodies to the gelatin NPs by avidin-biotin com-
plex formation. The antibody modified NPs specifically targeted T-lymphocytes
(Balthasara et al. 2005). Similarly, lung cancer targeted NeutrAvidin
FITC
grafted
gelatin NPs were synthesized and conjugated with biotinylated epithelial growth
factor (EGF) molecules forming a core-shell-like structure (GP-Av-bEGF) with
enhanced targeting efficiency to detect lung adenocarcinoma. Both in vitro on
A549 cell and in vivo via aerosol delivery in nude mice with lung cancer demon-
strated the targeting ability of GP-Av-bEGF (Tseng et al. 2007, 2008).
