Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
O
N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP)
N
CO
2
H
HO
2
C
10
8
O
NH
2
N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP)
N
11
H
2
N
CO
2
H
12
CO
2
H
H
2
N
H
2
N
NH
2
9
13
NH
2
NH
O
14
Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a by-product of the cashew industry, is an interest-
ing feedstock chemical because it provides a source of
meta
-substituted phenolic
compounds, namely anacardic acid
15,
cardol
16,
cardanol
17
and trace amounts of
methylcardol
18.
CNSL is the dark reddish-brown viscous liquid (pericap fluid)
found in the soft honeycomb structure of the cashew nut. CNSL has many applica-
tions in polymer-based industries, including friction linings, clutch disks, paints and
varnishes and intermediates for the chemical industry [77].
OH
OH
OH
OH
CO
2
H
HO
C
15
H
31-n
C
15
H
31-n
C
15
H
31-n
HO
C
15
H
31-n
15
16
17
18
n=0
n=2
n=4
n=6
