Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(A)
(B)
(C)
Figure 7.7
Morphology of mouse embryonic stem cells: (A) on bare Au; (B) on Cys-arginine-glycine-
aspartate (RGD) multiple-arm peptides (MAP); and (C) on RGD-MAP-Cys. Figure reproduced with
permission from: ref. 62, © 2004 Taylor & Francis Group.
of optical techniques [52]. These cell-base chips should compose of a microfluidic device for
analysis of living cells and a detection apparatus [53-56]. Choi's group developed a cell chips
to monitor the effects of anticancer drugs [51] and environmental toxins [57] on cancer
cells electrochemically. The redox current demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in the
differentiation efficiency that directly represented the cell viability. Thus, the cell chip is suitable
for easy, rapid toxicity assessment [50]. Neural stem cells are normally more sensitive to changes
in environmental conditions compared with cancer cells derived from the same organ [58].
Recently, several publications have reported the culture methods for mouse NSCs using various
substrates, such as silicon, polymer, and alginate beads [59-61].
Yea
et al.
(2008) compared two RGD oligopeptides (Cys-RGD-MAP (multiple-arm pep-
tide) and RGD-MAP-Cys) and introduced the direct immobilization of these two kinds of
cysteine-modified RGD oligopeptides [62] onto an Au surface in order to study the effect of
peptides on mouse ESC culture. Figure 7.7 shows that the mESCs on bare Au are almost
detached from the surface, whereas the cells on the peptide-modified surfaces demonstrate
good cell morphology. In addition, the RGD-MAP-Cys modified substrate has a significant
effect on mouse ESC proliferation when compared with Cys-RGD-MAP modified substrate
or a bare surface, which could be due to the four-branched peptides, which produce a
high-density RGD peptide surface (Figure 7.8). Moreover, Yea
et al.
[56] developed new
electrochemical-cell-based sensors to determine the differentiation status of mouse ESCs
