Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Overshot knob
Metering
cylinder
Borehole
Drill pipe
Landing ring
Remote
memory unit
Drilling fluid
Cone rod
Drill bit
Soil formation
FIGURE 2.44
The Dolphin Cone Penetrometer.
(Courtesy of Fugro.)
Cone
Blasting or rotary drilling with a rock bit for “floating” boulders
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Rotary or percussion drilling in rock
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Material Removal
Materials are removed to form the hole by:
Dry methods
used in cohesive soils, employing continuous-flight augers above
the water table and the hollow-stem auger above and below the groundwater
level (GWL).
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Circulating fluids
from a point in the hole bottom, which is the more common pro-
cedure, accomplished by using clean water with casing, mud slurry formed
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