Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Preconsolidation load
and
effective overburden
pressure
Shear strength c lb/sq. ft
Water content (%)
Average
WLLPL
Values
-lb/sq. ft
C
St.
(
+6 OD
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0
1000 2000
Capillary pressures
3000
4000
0
50
100
150
P
n
GW
Firm
brown
clay
59 106 30 15 103
-
10
Effective overburden
pressure
Pre-consolidation load
92 115 30 62 93 0.42
Soft
grey
clay
A
10
Plastic
limit
PL.
Water
content
W.
Liquid
limit
LL
90 115 30 48 93 0.42
20
20
c - 1030 lb/ft
2
350 550300 -
65
1.1
Peat
Soft
grey
clay
80 105 30 54 96 0.34
Silty
clay
43
54 23 70 112 0.26
30
30
Soft
grey
clay
63
82 27 63 102 0.27
C
Peat
Soft gray
clay D
Peaty clay
Silt.
40
40
16.5
72
58
88 29
104 0.34
95 147 47
89
26
38 17 21 125 0.21
Vane tests B.H. 36.
Vane tests B.H. 37.
Vane tests B.H. 38.
4' cores B.H. 39.
4' cores landshaft.
4' cores adjacent
borehoies.
Firm
brown
sandy
clay.
25 36 16 15 126
-
50
50
lb/ft
2
c-1430
Points give pre-consolidation
load as determined from
oedometer
tests.
Sandy
gravel
19
Non-
plastic
-
135
-
6
FT
6
FT.
St. = Sensitivity
= Density (lb/ft
3
)
FIGURE 7.41
Characteristics of the Thames estuary clay at Shellhaven. During postglacial times the formation has been
uplifted and allowed to develop a shallow crust from desiccation. (From Skempton, A. W. and Henke, D. J.,
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
, Zurich, Vol. I, 1953,
p. 302. With permission.)
ARCTIC CIRCLE
TROPIC OF CANCER
EQUATOR
TROPIC OF CAPRICORN
Mobile coasts
Rising coasts
Stable coasts
Subsiding coasts
0 500 1000 2000
3000
Miles at
equator
ANTARCTIC CIRCLE
FIGURE 7.42
World map (Mercator projection) showing coastal areas of relative stability today, with regions of rising stable
and sinking coast. (From Newman, W. S.,
Encyclopedia of Geomorphology
, R. W. Fairbridge, Ed., Dowden,
Hutchinson & Ross Publ., Stroudsburg, PA, 1968, pp. 150-155. With permission.)
