Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
15. Simulation research
16. Motivational research
17. One-time research
18. Longitudinal research
19. Clinical/diagnostic research
20. Conclusion-oriented research
21. Decision-oriented research
22. Exploratory research
23. Explanatory research
24. Evaluation research
25. Operation research
26. Market research
27. Dialectical research
28. Internet research
29. Participatory research
1.2.8.3 Fundamental/Pure/Basic
Research
Fundamental or basic research, sometimes
known as pure or exploratory research, is mostly
related to the formulation of theory. Fundamental
researches are concerned with the generalization
of nature and human behavior at different
situations. It may aim at gathering knowledge
for knowledge's sake. Research findings which
have resulted to the Newton's law of gravity,
Newton's law of motion, etc., are examples of
pure or fundamental research. Fundamental
research is more often intellectual explorations
arising out of intrinsic inquisitiveness of human
beings. It is not associated with solving a partic-
ular problem, rather exploring the possibility of
unearthing universal laws or theories.
1.2.8.1 Descriptive Research
This research is sometimes known as ex post
facto research. In this type of research, the objec-
tive is to describe a state of phenomenon that
already exists. Generally the researchers attempt
to trace probable causes of an effect which has
already occurred even when a researcher doesn't
have any control over the variables. The plight of
human beings after tsunami may be the objective
of research projects. In this type of project, the
researcher's emphasis is on the causes of their
plight so that appropriate measures could be
taken at proper level. Ex post facto research
may also be undertaken in business and industry,
for example, reasons for changing behavior of
consumer towards a particular commodity or
group of commodity. In this type of studies, all
measures to describe the characteristics as well
as correlation measures are considered.
1.2.8.4 Applied Research
Applied researches are mostly application-
oriented research programs. This type of research
aims at finding a solution for an immediate prob-
lem faced by a society, nation, business organi-
zation, etc. Market research is an example of
applied research. Applied research is action ori-
ented. Applied researches are often criticized by
the nonacceptance or poor acceptance of their
results by the people. Among the many reasons,
one might be the fact that action research is
conducted under controlled conditions which
may not match entirely in reality with the
people's living and working conditions. These
problems of applied research have given rise to
the concept of adaptive research. Thus, adaptive
research should have emphasis on the usefulness
of its results in the society and should be
conducted under the prevailing situations of the
targeted people.
1.2.8.2 Analytical Research
Analytical research study is based on facts. A
researcher has to use the facts or information
available to them, analyzes them to critically
evaluate the situation and followed by
inferences. Thus, the difference between the
descriptive and analytical research, though there
is no silver lining, is that analytical research most
likely goes deep inside the information for criti-
cal evaluations of the situations, whereas
descriptive research may have the sole objective
in describing the characteristics of the situations.
1.2.8.5 Qualitative Research
Qualitative research is concerned with qualita-
tive phenomenon. It is associated with phenom-
ena like reasons of human behaviors. It aims at
discovering the reasons of motivations, feelings
of the public, etc. This type of research explores
the psychological approach of human behavior
and qualitative aspects of other areas of interest.
Instead of analyzing data, based on observations,
