EEOR in Carbonate Reservoirs - Electrokinetics for Petroleum and Environmental Engineers - page 172

surfactant flooding, while reducing the surfactant/water
consumption by 55%.
• EEOR yield higher displacement potential in oil-wet reser-
voirs as EK-assisted sequential surfactant EOR produced
56% of the original recovery in oil-wet, while producing
28% of original recovery in water-wet core plugs.
• The maximum enhanced oil displacement efficiency of
41% was observed in oil-wet core plugs at room tempera-
ture when smart EOR was complemented by EK assisted
low concentration acid (450% increase from original yield)
(Ansari et al ., 2013).
• The incremental displacement efficiency due to EK is higher
(30% increase from original yield on average) in oil-wet core
plugs when compared to water-wet core plugs.
• SMART EOR produced a maximum of 89% oil displace-
ment efficiency while consuming 1.7 pore volume injected at
HTHPHS: elevated temperature of 110 o C, pressure of 5000
psi and formation water salinity of 270k ppm TDS.
• Overall SMART EOR produced up to 27% increase in the
ratio of incremental oil displacement efficiency to pore vol-
ume injected, while conventional chemical (nano/surfac-
tant) produced 2-4% increase in the ratio of incremental oil
displacement efficiency to pore volume injected.
• SMART EOR can be customized based on reservoir fluid
composition, rock mineralogy, oil specific gravity and resis-
tivity under HTHPHS to significantly improve oil displace-
ment while optimizing both power and water consumption
levels.

Nomenclature

ADCO Abu Dhabi company for onshore oil operations

ADNOC Abu Dhabi National Oil Company

APG Alkyl Polyglycoside

CAPEX Capital Expenses

DC Direct Current

DE Displacement Efficiency (Oil recovery in one dimensional

flow across core plug)

D.E.:PVi Incremental displacement efficiency: incremental pore vol-

ume injected index