EEOR in Carbonate Reservoirs - Electrokinetics for Petroleum and Environmental Engineers - page 171

by Al-Kindy et al . (2013). This was be achieved by identifying the desired
target current density as a function of lithology, mineralogical content,
wettability, oil resistivity and formation water composition. Based on the
field retrieved samples from producing Abu Dhabi oil fields, the optimum
range of current density can be managed to reduce power consumption per
incremental barrel of oil produced according to the desired anode to cath-
ode electrode spatial distance in the field. These results were comparable
to those achieved by Wittle et al. (2008), on the EEOR pilot tests in Santa
Maria, California, when using a spatial distance of 800 m between anode
and production well (cathode).
Conclusions
Based on lab results, keeping in mind the experimental conditions and
limitations, the following conclusions have been drawn:
• EK-assisted simultaneous flooding increased the oil displace-
ment efficiency by 6%, with an increased power consump-
tion of 18%, and reduced nano/surfactant consumption by
76%. The following sequential trend was observed for the
recovery under the four EOR strategies (WF, N/S, EKSQ and
EKSM) studied.
• EK-assisted simultaneous CuO nanoflooding produced supe-
rior results compared to EK simultaneous NiO nanoflooding:
• Displacement efficiency was enhanced by an additional
10.34%
• Power consumption was reduced by 53%
• Water consumption was reduced by 57%
• EK-assisted sequential NiO nanoflooding also produced
superior results to EK sequential CuO nanoflooding:
• Displacement efficiency was enhanced by an additional
6.9%
• Power consumption was reduced by 40%
• Water consumption was reduced by 21%
• EK-assisted simultaneous surfactant flooding generates
2.7% enhanced displacement efficiency over EK sequential