Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Q[
n
]s [
30
-
33
]. Very recently, Sindelar and coworker first introduced a substituted
group onto the bridged methylene moiety and obtained a bridged methylene func-
tionalized Q[6] [
34
]. All these developments of cucurbit[
n
]urils and their derivates
try to overcome the low solubility of the normal Q[
n
]s in water [
35
,
36
], and the
difficulty in introducing functional groups on their surfaces. Moreover, such dis-
coveries have led to tremendous growth in the field of Q[
n
] chemistry. Areas of
developments include host-guest interactions, supramolecular assemblies, coordi-
nation as well as materials science, and relevant applications in sensing, cataly-
sis, drug delivery, biomolecular recognition, polymer chemistry, electrochemistry,
photochemistry, and molecular machines [
36
-
61
]. Generally speaking, the interac-
tion of Q[
n
]s with various guest molecules has led to the development of Q[
n
]-
based host-guest chemistry, which has become mainstream in the Q[
n
] chemistry
[
36
-
54
]. On the other hand, the interaction of Q[
n
] with various metal ions estab-
lishes the Q[
n
]-based coordination chemistry, an increasingly important area in
Q[
n
] chemistry [
55
-
61
]. A combination of Q[
n
]-based host-guest chemistry and
coordination chemistry could create a different branch in the Q[
n
] chemistry:
Q[
n
]-based host-guest/coordination chemistry [
62
] (Scheme
1.1
). For example,
based on the interaction of Q[6] with long chain guests that end with active moie-
ties and thread through Q[6] to form pseudorotaxanes, Kim and coworkers pro-
posed a type of novel architectures by joining these pseudorotaxanes with metal
ions as “linkers” that give rise to one-, two-, or three-dimensional (1D, 2D, or 3D,
respectively) polyrotaxane structures [
36
,
37
]. Another typical instance is the sum-
maries on the Q[8]-stabilized charge-transfer (CT) interactions and supramolecu-
lar assemblies that result in a series of remarkable achievements in establishing
Scheme 1.1
Gross branches in the cucurbit[
n
]uril chemistry
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