Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 6. Software-hardware complex of turbine
control system
acceptance; manual and automatic start-up
control; synchronization of shaft generator
speed with a network power frequency; au-
tomatic support of power operation during
a long time period; automatic emergency
shutdown by actuation of technological
protection (with a blocking of the next
start-up); standard shutdown, including
performance of inal operations.
A relatively isolated part of the overall I&C
system, providing control of the chain reaction
of nuclear fuel fission, will be considered in
more detail further. It contains the most closely
interrelated individual I&C systems, which are
called the reactor control and protection system
in Ukraine and Russia.
• Refueling machine control system, imple-
mented by EVIG (Hungary) on power units
of South-Ukrainian NPP, and DIACONT
(Russia) on power units of Rovno NPP.
• Radiation safety monitoring system
(RSMS), developed by “Westron” and
implemented on all Ukrainian NPPs that
performs: continuous radiation monitoring
of gamma background levels, activity of
inert gases, beta-sprays and iodine in NPP
rooms; continuous technological control of
the primary and secondary coolant activ-
ity, technical water in special water and gas
puriication systems; continuous radiation
control of NPP inluence on the environ-
ment (control of activity of tail water and
gas-aerosol emission into a ventilation
tube).
• Automatic control system of standby diesel
generator-stations with one or two diesel-
generators, supplying safety systems and /
or common plant systems in case of power
unit de-energizing in accidents (developer
and manufacturer - “Westron,” imple-
mented on power units of South-Ukrainian
NPP and Rovno NPP). The system pro-
vides: availability of a standby diesel-gen-
erator station for start-up and rapid load
REACTOR CONTROL AND
PROTECTION SYSTEM
The reactor control and protection system
(RC&PS) is intended for: measurement of neutron
flux density and its rate of change; monitoring
of technological parameters and reactor facility
power in manual and automatic mode; emergency
and preventive reactor protection. Emergency
protection, having a priority over all other control
functions, provides rapid transfer and long-term
support of the reactor core in sub-critical state,
preventive protection - limitation or decrease of
reactor power to a safe level.
The fundamental “virtuality” of the RC&PS
system, which thus does not have required at-
tributes of any real system such as individual
terms of reference for development, design and
operational documentation, data base, etc. should
be mentioned. In international standards there
is no analogue to the notion RC&PS, though in
Russia and Ukraine this term is widely used, in
particular, in the organizational structure of NPP,
technological regulations, operation instructions,
etc. However, it should be kept in mind that this
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