Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 11
(continued)
Residue trial/Rate,
period/analysis
No.
Pesticide/structure
Formulation/additives
Effects
Reference
Soil residues
65
Chlorpyrifos
Citrus grove field
680-730 g ai/ha, 0-130 d
Acetone extracts, GC
Clorpiran
®
40 EC
Dursban
®
75 WG
DT
50
= 7.6 d (EC),
Montemurro
et al. (2002)
6.3 d (WG)
Cl
S
C
2
H
5
O
P
O
Cl
C
2
H
5
O
N
Cl
72
Temephos
Agricultural farm (sandy
loam)
1 kg ai/ha, 0-55 d
CH
2
Cl
2
extraction,
colorimetry
50 EC & 1% G
DT
50
= 18.1 d (EC)
Verma
et al. (2004)
20.4 d (G)
S
CH
3
O
P
O
S
CH
3
O
2
73
Phenmedipham
N
Sugar beet field
320 g ai/ha, 136 d
HPLC
Commercial EC
+ Olbras
®d
+ Atpolan
®
Degradation rate,
Commercial > Atpolan >
Olbras
Kucharski
et al. (2002)
C
O
O
NHCOOCH
3
CH
3
74
Butachlor
C
2
H
5
Rice field, pre-emergence
1-3 kg ai/ha, 0-115 d
Acetonitrile extraction,
GC
Machete
®
50 EC
Mon 12345
Machete
®
50 EW
DT
50
= 2.9-3.6 d
2.7-3.4 d
2.3-3.6 d
Kulshrestha
(1987)
COCH
2
Cl
N
OC
4
H
9
C
2
H
5
15
Trifluralin
Agricultural field (loamy
sand)
Commercial EC
Slower dissipation and more
residues with adjuvants
Swarcewicz
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