Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8
Effect of surfactant and formulation on soil adsorption and desorption of pesticide
Soil (oc, CEC, pH)
b
No.
Pesticide/structure
a
Surfactant
c
K
F
d
n
d
Reference
26
2,4-D (acid) (a)
Silt loam (1.74, 19.0, 5.9)
*
+ Triton N-150
e
(0.5%, w/v)
+ Triton N-60
e
(0.5%, w/v)
+ Triton X-35
e
(0.5%, w/v)
1.90
1.74
1.69
1.22
1.11
1.14
1.10
1.14
Amonette and
O'Connor
(1990)
Cl
OCH
2
COOH
Cl
Clay loam (0.46, 31.1, 7.7)
*
+ Triton N-150 (0.5%, w/v)
+ Triton N-60 (0.5%, w/v)
+ Triton X-35 (0.5%, w/v)
0.21
0.10
0.18
0.05
1.16
1.11
1.04
0.93
34
Lindane (d)
Cl
Sandy loam (7.85, 4.98, 4.0)
+ Tween 80 (5 × cmc)
+ Triton X-100 (5 × cmc)
+ SDS (5 × cmc)
52.4
29.3
23.9
48.7
L
L
L
L
Quintero et al.
(2005)
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
35
Heptachlor (a)
Sandy (1.39, 3.4, NA)
+ Triton X-100 (68.4 ppm)
(312 ppm)
121
145
82.4
L
L
L
Lee et al. (2000)
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
1
DDT (a)
Silt loam (0.10, NA, NA)
+ Triton X-100 (64 ppm)
(613 ppm)
456
856
43.3
L
L
L
Sun and Inskeep
(1995)
CCl
3
Cl
H
Cl
36
Dichlorvos (a)
Spanish soil (0.27, 23.5, NA)
+ HDTMA (74% CEC
equiv)
Spanish soil (2.90, 10.9, NA)
+ HDTMA (4% CEC equiv)
NA
75.9
NA
0.79
Sánchez-
Camazano
and Sánchez-
Martin (1994)
O
Cl
CH
3
O
P
O
H
C
NA
47.9
NA
0.60
CH
3
O
Cl
37
Acephate (a)
Spanish soil (0.45, 9.4, 7.5)
+ TDTMA Br (0.1 × cmc)
(cmc)
(20 × cmc)
+ SDS (cmc)
+ Tween 80 (cmc)
(20 × cmc)
0.72
0.39
0.14
0.93
0
0.85
0.64
0.93
1.12
1.26
1.06
NA
0.97
1.02
Iglesias-Jiménez
et al. (1996)
S
CH
3
O
N
P
C
CH
3
CH
3
S
O
33
Methidathion (a)
Spanish soil (0.92, 7.9, 8.5)
+ Tween 80 (10 × cmc)
+ LAS
e
(10 × cmc)
+ TDTMA Br (10 × cmc)
2.70
1.52
1.98
44.8
1.25
0.97
1.15
0.91
Sánchez et al.
(2003b)
N
S
OCH
3
N
CH
3
O
CH
3
O
P
S
S
O
(continued)
Search WWH ::
Custom Search