Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
prothrombin, the clinical marker for hepatoma, and also formed colonies during
neoplastic cell transformation. Thus, HL23 therapeutics would be a useful quality
control culture method for the stem cells to reduce a risk of tumorigenesis after the
cell transplantation [
86
].
The combination therapy of LAmB and CAS in immunocompromised adult
aHSCRs patients
with granulocytopenia and refractory fever was as safe as
monotherapy with CAS or LAMB and had similar plasma pharmacokinetics.
Thus, this supports further investigations of the combination therapy in the
management of patients with invasive opportunistic mycoses with poor
prognosis [
91
].
The effects of extended drug delivery system using DepoFoam bupivacaine in
place of bupivacaine single injection or continuous local infusion techniques for
postoperative pain management is a promising and safer drug formulation that may
significantly improve postoperative care and pain control in surgical patients [
92
].
The novel gene delivery system was developed using MLV liposomes composed
of DOTAP and oligoamines-modified CHOL. The best transfection efficiency and
the noncytotoxicity of the prepared lipoplexes in Neuro2A cells was tested using
pDNA encoding Renilla luciferase. These nanocarriers are able to transfer the DNA
into Neuro2A cells with low or no toxicity [
93
].
The cationic modification agent, polyethylenimine (PEI) of the chemotherapeu-
tic drug, cisplatin or CDDP (
cis
-diamminedichloroplatinum(II))-encapsulated lipo-
some reduced the nephrotoxicity associated with CDDP, had no system toxicity,
efficient and safe for anti-tumor drug delivery [
94
].
The DOX-Hydrochloride Nanoliposome (DHNP) prepared by ethanol injection-
pH gradient method possesses the advantage of uniform distribution size, high
encapsulation efficiency, big drug loading rate, and its toxicity is lower than free
DOX [
95
].
The amount of cytotoxicity of the anti-cancer drug, artemisinin compared to
standard drug is increased by pegylated nanoliposomal formulation. Similarly, the
cytotoxicity effect of nanoliposomal paclitaxel, an anti-breast cancer drug, is more
than that of the standard form [
96
,
97
].
'
9.2 Discussions
Currently, the chief priorities of the field of liposomal nanotherapeutics are to
direct further research works toward development of competitive and translatable
product to ensure a well-equipped regulatory environment. Thus, the key to success
is an interdisciplinary and open-minded approach blended with the knowledge
exchange between academia, industry, and drug regulatory agencies. So, the rapid
and successful translation of emerging and under trial liposomal nanotherapeutics
in the future can be derived from the well-defined quality-by-design approach.
The aspiring motto of nanomedicine should revolve around scientific research
and to translate this strength into commercially viable products. However,
