Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Construction Biotechnology
Biotechnology for Construction Materials
Biotechnology for Construction Processes
Soil
bioremediation
Construction
bioplastics
Microbial
additions
to cement,
mortars,
and grouts
Microbial
cements,
mortars,
and grouts
Biocementation
Soil desaturation
Bioremediation
in situ
Bioaggregation
for control of
wind erosion
ofsoil and dust
emission
Biodesaturation
through
denitrification
Ca salt + urea +
UPB (MICP-
biocement)
Xanthan
Bioplastic films
Foamsheets
Welan
Bioremediation
on site
Biodesaturation
through
Succinoglugan
Limestone/dolom
ite + acidogenic
bacteria + urea +
UPB
Silt fences
Biocrusting for
control of
erosion and
water infiltration
CO
2
production
in
Insulationwalls
Curdlan
situ
Partitions
Chitosan
Bioremediation
offsite
Calcium
bicarbonate- and
phosphate based
biocement
Biocoatingto
enhance
aesthetics or
colonization of
surface
Vertical drains
Geotextile
Immobilization
of soil pollutants
Iron-based
biogrout
Bioclogging to
reduce hydraulic
conductivity of
soil
Denitrification-
based biogrout
Permeable
geochemical
barrier
Composite
biomimetic
biocement
Biocementationt
o increase
strength of soil
Biocementationo
f concrete cracks
and rock joints
Bioencapsulation
to increase
strength of soft
clayey soil
Fig. 2.1
The R&D directions of Construction Biotechnology
microbial photosynthetics in irrigation channel or aquaculture pond is an effective
way for the seepage control.
The biotechnological production of construction biomaterials is sustainable
process because renewable agricultural and biotechnological biomass residues are
used as organic raw materials and as the components of composite biocement. One
potentially important construction material, microbial bioplastic, can be produced
from agricultural residuals and organic fraction of municipal solid wastes.
In some geotechnical processes, microorganisms themselves are performing
useful function. There are at least eight types of construction-related biotechno-
logical processes classified by the results of the microbial treatment:
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