Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
derived from a choice of several commonly-used species distribution models
(e.g. multiple logistic regression, classifi cation trees) using multiple datasets
can be created. For some very common, less-harmful species (e.g. dandelion
(
Taraxacum
spp.), ladybug beetle (
Coccinella
spp.)), distribution maps may be
all the 'modelling' that is needed. For newly detected species, species on 'nox-
ious' or 'invasive' lists, or watch-list species, more advanced modelling could
be performed. Potential distributions can be modelled from occurrence and
abundance data, ancillary data, and remotely sensed data to produce maps
of probable/potential distribution and abundance, habitat vulnerability ana-
lysis, and uncertainty analysis (Stohlgren and Schnase 2006). Modelled infor-
mation and species attribute data can be used to create 'second approximation
models' of potential rates of spread, and corridors and barriers to invasion.
The current distribution and abundance data can be overlaid on the model
outputs and habitat maps to identify priority survey, control, and restoration
sites. All data and model outputs can be served on the Internet, and all data
and metadata associated with selected models can be archived.
Rapid response and monitoring eff ectiveness:
•
based on new reports and
modelled outputs of distribution and abundance, habitat vulnerability, poten-
tial spread rate, and risks, alerts can be targeted to authorities and to groups of
concerned citizens where appropriate. Typically, 'exotic invasive management
teams' can be provided with a location and a method of extermination. We
suggest a more sophisticated use of rapid response teams where far more infor-
mation is provided to the team to maximize effi ciency (Table 3.1).
Table 3.1
Suggested information provided to rapid assessment teams.
Information provided
Reasoning
Species identifi cation aids.
To effectively target cryptic
invasive species rather than
look-alikes.
Accurate location data of known occurrences
and predictive models of target species,
information on other highly invasive species in
the local area, and high probability sites nearby
and along the route to the primary site.
Improves cost-effectiveness of
rapid assessment efforts, while
reducing propagule pressure and
source populations nearby.
Comparable (standardized) monitoring
protocols.
To help quantify 'what works,
where', share success stories, and
document performance goals.
Instructions to upload data into a distributed
database to share information on what
techniques work best in different habitats
under a variety of conditions.
Improve accountability and data
sharing for better predictive
modelling, early detection, and
restoration.
