Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 5.1 Cognitive engineering
—
prepared by the authors
Cognitive Engineering focuses on developing systems that support the cognitive
processes of users such as memory, perception and recognition, memory, learning,
reading, speaking, listening, problem solving, decision making and attention which
are used in Human Computer Interaction. The main aim of cognitive engineering is
implementing cognitive resources and reducing complication in developing systems
(see Fig.
5.1
).
To understand the cognitive resources such as memory and attention which are
utilized in HCI, there are four types of models, i.e., goals, operators, methods, and
selection rules (GOMS); executive process-interactive control (EPIC) model;
Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational model (ACT-R); and Adaptive Control of
Thought in Information Foraging model (ACT-IF). These models
evaluation aims
to assist users to demonstrate and reveal the user interaction with computers and the
implications for designers.
'
5.3 Cognitive Walk-throughs
Cognitive walk-throughs model involves expert users to ensure if the set of
activities will meet the correct action of the system. According to Nielson and Mack
(
1994
, p. 6), cognitive walk-thoughts involve
s problem solving
process at each step in the human-computer dialog, checking to see if the user
“
simulating a user
'
'
s
goals and memory for actions can be assumed to lead to the next correct action.
”
An example of cognitive walk-thoughts evaluation is required users to get from
one screen to another to obtain a certain tasks done (Preece et al.
2002
; Sharp et al.
2011
).
There are speci
c steps involved in cognitive walk-thoughts, based on Preece
et al. (
2002
):
The characteristics of typical users are identi
ed and documented, and sample
tasks are developed that focus on the aspects of the design to be evaluated.
A designer and one or more expert evaluators come together to do the analysis.
Search WWH ::
Custom Search