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Table 2. List of the 10 most mentioned knowledge transfer activities in universities
No.
Knowledge transfer activities
Description
1
Patents and licensing
Concerns the exploitation of intellectual property. Through patents an institute for higher education can
protect its intellectual property and if a patent is guaranteed it can be commercialized through sales of the
patent or a license.
2
Spin-off and enterprise creation
A spin-off company is a new company whose formation was dependent on the use of intellectual property
that was created and/or developed at a Public Research Organization; spin-off is the entrepreneurial route to
commercializing knowledge of public research, both intellectual property and non-intellectual property based.
3
University-industry networks
Describes the dynamic two-way interaction between university and industry in collaborative networks.
4
International cooperation
University cooperation with public and private organizations beyond national borders.
5
European affairs
Management, acquisition and monitoring of European projects and European funding.
6
Continuous professional development
Comprises the post-initial education programs aiming at improving the capability and realizing the full
potential of professionals at work.
7
Alumni affairs
Management of alumni contacts.
8
National subsidies
National government programs and policies intended to encourage certain types of research programs and
other specified university activities.
9
Regional subsidies
Regional government programs and policies intended to encourage certain types of research programs and
other specified university activities.
10
Grants
Are provided by the government or other non-profit organizations to encourage (individual) development
or growth in a particular area.
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