Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
hypothesized that nanoparticle conjugated to transferrin ligand enhances
the therapeutic ei ciency of the drug. Nanoparticles of 220 nm diameter
loaded with 5.4% w/w paclitaxel drug under
in vitro
condition exhibited
sustained release of 60% encapsulated drug in 60 days. h e anti-prolifera-
tive activity of NPs was then determined in human prostate cancer cell line
(PC3) and their ef ect on tumour inhibition was observed in the murine
model of prostate cancer. Animals which received a single-dose of intra-
tumoral injection of transferrin conjugated nanoparticles resulted in com-
plete tumor regression and greater survival rate [133].
Lymphatic drainage plays an important role in uptake of particulates
in respiratory system and also being associated with the spreading of lung
cancer through metastasis development. Recently, solid lipid nanoparticles
(SLN) have used as carriers of anti-tumoral drugs.
Nanoparticles of about 200 nm diameter, radiolabelled with 99m Tc
using the lipophilic chelator D,L-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime
(HMPAO) were developed for the pulmonary uptake. h e biodistribution
studies were also carried out following aerosolisation and administration
of a 99mTc-HMPAO-SLN suspension to a group of adult male Wistar rats.
As a result, 60 min dynamic image followed by the static image were col-
lected at 30 min intervals for up to 4h post inhalation which has shown the
signii cant uptake of the radiolabelled SLN into the lymphatic system at er
inhalation and thus controlling spreading of lung cancer [134].
Recently, nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugate, a new approach for treat-
ment of prostate cancer was developed. In this nucleic acid ligands (aptam-
ers) are well suited for therapeutic targeting of the encapsulated drugs and
controlled release of polymer particles in cells or tissues. A bioconjugate
was synthesized, mainly composed of controlled release polymer nanopar-
ticles and aptamers. Its ei cacy was examined for targeted delivery to pros-
tate cancer cells. Nanoparticles composed of poly-(lactic acid) blocked
polyethylene glycol (PEG) copolymer with a terminal carboxylic acid func-
tional group (PLA-PEG-COOH) and encapsulated rhodamine-labeled
dextran (as a model drug) within PLA-PEG-COOH was synthesized.
Nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates with RNA aptamers which bind to the
prostate specii c membrane antigen overexpressed on prostate acinar epi-
thelial cells. As a result, these bioconjugates can be ei ciently targeted and
taken up by the prostate LNCaP epithelial cells. h is was the i rst report on
targeted drug delivery through nanoparticle aptamer bioconjugates [135].
Recently, Heparin is used as a carrier for cancer targeting and imaging.
Heparin-anticancer drug conjugates shows higher anticancer activity
than free drug. h e conjugated heparin (heparin-deoxycholate sodium)
retained its ability to bind with angiogenic factors, thus resulting in a
