Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The direction of this study - selection (creation) and use of plant extracts for cosmetic
purposes - is a both new and relevant to the Astrakhan region in particular. The originality
and novelty of the isolation and production of biologically active extracts with anti-microbial
properties in plants ecologically safe areas of the Astrakhan region lies in the fact that natural
environmental conditions of high insolation, high temperatures and low humidity contribute
to the formation of biologically active substances with higher concentrations.
The uniqueness of the Astrakhan region lies in all the favorable environmental conditions
(special climatic, hydrological and biotic factors) which allow for the accumulation of wild
plants with a full range of biologically active substances, and which is, undoubtedly, the
determining factor in the creation of original herbal remedies for the needs of cosmetology at
a much higher antimicrobial activity compared with the known properties of similar plants in
other regions of the Russian Federation. In addition, the plants which grow here, accumulate a
large number of different chemical composition of biologically active substances. This BAS
determines the antimicrobial, bactericidal, immuno-protective and anti-TB activity of extracts
(tinctures, decoctions, etc.) from plant material.
We studied the methods of extracting pectines from the hydrophytes of the Northern
Caspian sea and the Volga river delta, such as perfoliate pondweed (
Potamogeton perfoliatus
L.
) [14] and the methods of extracting biologically active components (such as flavonoids
from the kidney of black poplar
Populus nigra
, flavonoid compounds of licorice's roots
Glycyrrhiza glabra
and inflorescences' everlasting
Helichrysum arenarium L
) [17].
Samples of hydrophytes were removed from the water, rinsed and dried in natural
conditions and kept at a relative humidity of 75% and had a residual water content of 10 -
12% to extract a pectin-similar substance (rdestin).
In the first stage of the experiment it was found the content of impurities in the freshwater
plant perfoliate pondweed, studied the organoleptic and physico-chemical quality of water
plants. This was followed by the sanitary-hygienic assessment of freshwater plants. Next we
studied the chemical composition of raw (samples of freshwater pondweed), which showed
the potential for processing in order to obtain extracts.
The molecule rdestin includes carboxyl groups which are responsible for its ability to
form salt - rdestats can be used in food, confectionery industry, cosmetology, pharmaceutical
industry [16].
Also we studied the antimicrobial properties of extracts of plants of the Astrakhan region,
as well as the possibility of using the extracted active substances these plants for
antimicrobial cosmetics and other products for example, the use of a combination of extracts
from plants (licorice naked, yarrow, H. arenarium) in preparation of balms for skin problems
(cracks, scratches, dryness, burning, etc.).
In addition, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic and aqueous
extracts from the kidney of black poplar (
Populus nigra
), inflorescence of H. arenarium
(
Helichrysum arenarium L.
), yarrow (
Achillea micranta L.
), licorice root naked (
Glycyrrhiza
glabra
) relative to strains of
Staphylococcus aureus
(DSM 6538799) and
Staphylococcus
aureus
which was isolated from the environment (from the skin, the microflora of water) [9].
Research in the activity of extracts of these plants in experiments show a direct effect on
the suspension of
Staphylococcus aureus
in culture. Control of
Staphylococcus aureus
was
shown on the surface of the medium IPA or ACI in Petri dishes in a bar segmental method
under sterile conditions [7].
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