Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
1.
I
NTRODUCTION
Currently, the market for medicines and cosmetics in Russia based on plant raw materials
occupy a rather modest place compared with synthetic drugs (talking about finished products
based on plant materials) [11]. However, the need of the population in the natural products
based on plant raw materials is not currently satisfied mainly due to the lack of quality of
medicinal plant materials. The range and volume of offerings on the market of medicinal
plant materials is below current needs, the growth of which is has been noted in recent years
[12].
With industrial production total phyto efficiency of extraction of biologically active
substances, in some cases reaches only 40-50% due to insufficient depletion of cake for all
groups of active substances [12].
This indicates the need to improve and develop new advanced technologies resource
complex processing of medicinal plant materials, providing maximum extraction of bioactive
substances.
In addition, a current concern of modern medicine, pharmacology and cosmetology is the
replacement of chemical antimicrobials by natural herbal ingredients. Some of these
components are biologically active substances in plant extracts - concentrated extracts from
plant materials. The effectiveness of these extracts is largely due to the presence of certain
chemicals. These existing active substances have diverse composition and belong to different
classes of chemical compounds.
The experimental data of many domestic and foreign researchers characterize
hydrophytes as a unique natural renewable source of a number of important compounds
which can be used in industry. The chemical composition of marine and freshwater plants
depends on the type, stage of development and growth conditions. Hydrophytes of the Volga-
Caspian are a very valuable raw material for the production of products which can be used for
various purposes depending upon their biochemical composition. The composition of an
organic substance includes of cellulose, nitrogenous compounds, soluble in alcohol
(chlorophyll), and ether-soluble substances, polysaccharides, vitamins A (carotene), B, and
micro-elements like magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, titanium.
Benefits of biotechnology that are relevant to plants is to produce products with well-
defined chemical composition, which, in turn, were also obtained from plants, but under the
influence of enzyme catalysts. As a result, new and valuable natural biologically compatible
material can be created. Today the possibilities of biotechnology are endless.
These researches are carried out in Astrakhan State University (ASU) Biotechnologies
laboratory (Russia, Astrakhan region, Privolzhsky district, Nachalo village) with the
collaboration of international the specialists at Ca'Foscari University (Venezia, Italy).
2.
P
URPOSE AND
R
ESEARCH
M
ETHODS
The object of our study to identify the active chemical ingredients in plants of the
Astrakhan region, as well as to research methods of extracting biologically active substances
from plants, both water and land, and to apply the results in the field of cosmetics, including
thalassotherapy.
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