Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHDI score
Interstate hwys
U.S. hwys
State hwys
Proposed hwys
City boundaries
1.0 or less
1.1-3.0
3.1-5.0
5.1-6.0
6.1 or more
FIGURE 17. 2
CHDI contours.
brick factories, small foundries and steel mills, petroleum storage facilities, meat packing
and dog food plants,* rendering plants, ice factories, and auto parts producers.
27
Most indus-
tries located in a patchwork between the railroad and the Salt River in the midst of minority
neighborhoods. This industrial district grew steadily, with more than 300 industrial firms
locating in this zone by 1921.
28
Plants extended south to the river, where landfills and the city's
first sewage plant (1920) were located adjacent to Mexican American settlements. Spur rail
lines to connect factories to the main rail line crisscrossed South Phoenix, dispersing indus-
tries and warehouses throughout the area by the 1930s, a pattern which remains today.
28
Early patterns of residential segregation by race and class were established in concert
with railroad corridor development.
24
As early as 1910 African Americans were subject to
laws enforcing residential, schooling, and employment segregation, practices that persisted
into the Civil Rights era of the 1960s. A consequence of racial control and exclusion is the
concentration, even today, of much of Phoenix's small Black population in a few census
tracts of South Phoenix.
20,29
South Phoenix was also the historic home to Phoenix's
bar-
rios
, where much of the area's Mexican and Mexican American population lived since the
*
The meat packing and dog food plants were supported by extensive areas of stock yards adjacent to the rail
road tracks, some of which persisted into the 1950s. These facilities, with their heavy production of animal
wastes, were placed adjacent to Mexican-American neighborhoods with no apparent concern for the health
and well-being of the residents, further stigmatizing the area as socially and environmentally undesirable.
24
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