Electrochemical Investigation with Carbon Paste Electrodes and Sensors - Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste Electrodes - page 167

Cables

Relay unit

Probe

Potentiostat

Interface

PC

Sensing
array

Solution

Instrumentation

Auxiliary electrode

Detail of
the probe

Working
electrode

Reference electrode

FIGURE 7.6 A. possible. construction. of. an. electronic. tongue/nose. with. the. respective. instrumentation.
and.accessories..A.schematic.view..See.inscriptions..(Sketched.based.on.Kalvoda,.R.,.Electronic.noses.and.
tongues,.in. Modern Electroanalytical Methods—XIX. Topic of Abstracts (in Czech), 8 ,.SES.Logis,.Usti.nad.
Labem,.1999.)

7.4.2.3 Carbon Pastes as CPEEs for Electrochemical
Characterization of New Electrocatalysts
Similarly.noticeable.activities.within.special.studies.have.resulted.in.a.collection.of.ca..50.papers.
(see,.e.g.,.[150].and.the.abstracts.available.therein).concerning.the.same.topic—and,.in.fact,.pre-
sented.in.almost.identical.style—that.are.devoted.to.the.physicochemical.and.instrumental.charac-
terization.of.various.newly.synthesized.substances..In.many.cases,.these.substances.are.inorganic.
or.organic.hybrids.with.more.or.less.distinct.electrocatalytic.activity.for.the.electrode.transforma-
tions.of.various.redox.species,.such.as.inorganic.ions.and.molecules.(namely,.NO 2 − ,.ClO 3 − ,.BrO 3 − ,.
IO 3 − ,.and.H 2 O 2 ).or.some.organic.substances.(trichloroacetic.acid,.CCl 3 COOH).and.compounds.of.
biological.importance.(l-cysteine,.dopamine,.and.ascorbic.acid).
As.can.be.seen.in.a.series.of.typical.publications.[140-147,2165-2167],.the.sequence.of.instru-
mental. characterizations. by. means. of. numerous. optical. and. spectral. techniques. is. usually. ended.
by.a.cyclic.voltammetric.study.employing.carbon.paste(s).with.the.new.substance.of.interest.incor-
porated.in.the.bulk,.that.is,.by.means.of.solid-phase.voltammetry.(SPV).in.combination.with.the.
CPEE..When.considering.the.decline.of.SPV.with.CPEEs.in.the.recent.years.(again,.see.the.intro-
ductory.part,.as.well.as.Section.7.2),.these.studies.can.be.understood.as.the.new.chance.for.a.wider.
applicability.of.a.once.popular.kind.of.carbon.paste-based.electrodes.

7.4.2.4 Carbon Pastes in Industrial Use
Rather. curious. applications. can. be. traced. in. the. literature. concerning. the. preparative. electrolysis.
or. catalyst-assisted. industrial. production.. For. instance,. one. contribution. has. dealt. with. thin-layer
graphite paste anode .[2168].in.a.rotated.electrode.chamber,.where.the.surface.of.the.paste.could.be.