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Accordingly, the sense of culture represents artifacts and their production, which
is an important aspect of design creativity phenomena. The sense of culture
dynamically interacts with human activities, habits, media, artifacts, and so on,
which are formed through human communication and lifestyle processes. There-
fore, the sense of culture involves the Design phase, which is driven by social
motives formed during the Pre-Design phase. To discuss this connection, the
meaning of fine art, considering the structure of creative processes, will be reviewed
as an example (as described in Sect. 4.3 ).
The sense of future is an extremely abstract concept (Taura and Nagai 2012 ) that
is related to design creativity competence. It represents the complex social cogni-
tion of change and uncertain issues. It is assumed that the connection between the
Post-Design phase and Pre-Design phase regulates or constrains the Design phase.
As such, it is expected that morality and ethics will appear as social motives
(stemming from the sense of
future) during the course of
this discussion
(as described in Sect. 4.4 ).
Social motives for advanced design are discussed to determine the senses
described earlier. Each sense—nature, culture, and future—suggests a particular
value that is embedded in society and forms representative concepts, or “mean-
ings.” Figure 4.1 shows the annotated directions of senses during the three phases of
the design model.
The relationships between the phases of design in regard to oriented senses,
social motives, and embedded knowledge—which are the intrinsic criteria of
creativity that also serve as internalized driving forces for various expected types
of innovative design—are classified in Table 4.1 .
Mature design creativity in an advanced society efficiently encourages connec-
tions between the design phases through discernment and insight.
Fig. 4.1 Relationships
between the senses of
design during the three
advanced design phases
 
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