Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Installation and operation.
Solar thermal systems for domestic hot water heating
for households are often partly or entirely self-installed. Costs for the potential
people in charge of the system are generally very low. However, if the system is
installed by a company, the specific installation costs are between 70 and
250 €/m
2
of collector area. These costs include installation of the collectors,
mounting of pipes, connection to the solar storage, installation of the sensors and
the control instruments and the pump, connection to the residual heating system
plus charging and commissioning of the system. Mounting the pipes accounts for
the largest share of the costs. The costs for installing the collectors are approxi-
mately 20 to 30 % of the overall installation costs.
For central solar thermal domestic hot water support and the larger solar district
heating systems, the specific costs for installation and commissioning of the sys-
tem are often lower. The installation costs for larger collector arrays are approxi-
mately between 10 and 20 % of the overall collector costs or between 30 and
50 €/m
2
. The total costs for installation and commissioning of the system are ap-
proximately between 50 and 100 €/m
2
.
Total investments.
There is a large range of total investments for solar thermal
systems. Standard domestic hot water systems available in the marketplace usually
cost between 5,000 and 6,000 € (e.g. /4-16/ and various other sources). In com-
parison, self-installation systems exclusively designed for domestic water heating
are significantly cheaper; most of these systems cost between 3,000 and 5,000 €.
Systems with a larger collector area are proportionally cheaper.
With around 45 % of the total costs, collectors account for the largest share of
the total investment, the storage accounts for approximately 20 %, and installation
and commissioning are approximately 25 % of the overall costs. Other system
components make the smallest contribution with around 10 % /4-16/. The latter
also include the costs for piping and antifreezing compound. For larger collector
areas, the contribution to the overall cost increases to up to 60 % for a district
heating network (DH-I).
Adding everything up, the average total costs for solar domestic hot water heat-
ing for a detached family house (SFH-III) according to Table 4.7 can be assumed
to be at around 5,200 € (700 €/m
2
of collector area), if installation and commis-
sioning are entirely the responsibility of a specialised business (Table 4.7, SFH-
III). If the investment for the conventional domestic hot water storage and the
savings on tiles for roof-integrated systems are deducted as well, the costs for a
turnkey system are reduced to around 4,400 € (600 €/m
2
of collector area). If the
system is self-installed and only charged and commissioned by a specialised com-
pany, the total investments are reduced to approximately 3,500 € (550 €/m
2
of
collector area).
For solar-supported decentralised space heating systems (SFH-I and SFH-II)
the specific investment costs are slightly lower than for smaller systems. This is
due to the larger collector area with approximately 500 €/m
2
of collector area (in-
cluding credit for storage and tiles). For a multi-family house (MFH) the system
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