Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.3
Table summarizing the various artifacts formed by the techniques
Preparation Techniques
Type of Artifact
Thermal Damage
due to Preparation
Technique
Mechanical
Ionic
Chemical
Physical
Chemical- and ionic-thinning techniques
Twin-jet electrolytic
thinning
+
+
Full-bath electrolytic
thinning
+
+
Twin-jet chemical
thinning
+
+
Full-bath chemical
thinning
+
+
Ion milling
+
+
Focused ion beam
(FIB)
+
+
Mechanical-preparation techniques
Grinding
+
Wedge cleavage
+
Tripod polishing
+
+
Ultramicrotomy
+
Cryo-
ultramicrotomy
+
+
+
Replica techniques
Direct replica
+
Indirect replica
+
Extractive replica
+
Freeze fracture
+
+
Techniques specific to divided materials
Fine particle
dispersion
+
Frozen hydrated film
+
Contrast-enhancement and labeling techniques
Decoration
shadowing
+
+
“Negative-staining”
contrast
+
“Positive-staining”
contrast
+
Immunolabeling
+
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