Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 10.1
Core STR loci as defined by different agencies, which facilitate the sharing of DNA
profiles across international borders. As databases increase in size there is a requirement for more
loci to be added in order to avoid adventitious (false) matches
INTERPOL
ESS
ESS-extended
CODIS
D3S1358
D3S1358
D3S1358
D3S1358
TH01
TH01
TH01
TH01
D21S11
D21S11
D21S11
D21S11
D18S51
D18S51
D18S51
D18S51
vWA
vWA
vWA
vWA
D8S1179
D8S1179
D8S1179
D8S1179
FGA
FGA
FGA
FGA
-
-
D1S1656
-
-
-
D2S441
-
-
-
D10S1248
-
-
-
D12S391
-
-
-
D22S1045
-
-
-
-
TPOX
-
-
-
CSF1PO
-
-
-
D5S818
-
-
-
D7S820
-
-
-
D13S317
-
-
-
D19S433
Treaty of Pr um
The Treaty of Pr um was designed to allow the law enforcement agencies from
the participating countries to have access to DNA, fingerprint and motor vehi-
cle registration databases between the signature countries. The treaty signed in
May 2005 by the Netherlands, Austria, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain
and France has since been joined by other member states: Finland, Italy, Portu-
gal, Slovenia, Greece, Sweden, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia and Hungary have
joined. The EU council has accepted to convert the information exchange part
of the treaty into EU legislation. This leads ultimately to all 27 current members
of the EU being party to this treaty.
The ESS of loci comprises seven loci with a commonality to those used
currently (see Table 10.1). It is a requirement of the Treaty of Pr um that at least
six of the seven loci must give a result. The increasing chance of adventitious hits
due to the large cumulative DNA database in Europe has led to recommendations
to type and exchange data for additional loci [21]. The drive towards sharing
of data will further result in the standardization of the DNA loci used not only
within one continent but worldwide.
Within 6 weeks of the Treaty of Pr um being operational Germany and Austria had
exchanged data that led to 1500 DNA matches being reported, including 32 homicide
cases and 23 rape/sexual assault cases [22].
